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Lyubavichi ((ロシア語:Люба́вичи); (イディッシュ語:ליובאוויטש), ''Lyubavitsh''; (ポーランド語:Lubawicze)) is a rural locality (a village) in Rudnyansky District of Smolensk Oblast, Russia. ==History== The village is known to have existed in the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth since at least 1654.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://pages.rediff.com/lyubavichi--rudnyansky-district--smolensk-oblast/850749 )〕 In 1784, it was mentioned as a small town,〔Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland, 1880-1914, (Słownik Geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego tom V, s. 392 ) 〕 then a possession of the magnate Lubomirski family.〔 After the Partition of Poland village was annexed by the Russian Empire. During the French invasion of Russia in 1812, the village was occupied by Napoleonic troops for two weeks.〔Изображенiе военныхъ дѣйствий первой армiи въ 1812 году, Главнокомандующего и Военнаго Министра, Барклая де Толли. Стр. 9 // Чтенія в Императорском обществѣ исторіи и древностей россійских при Московском университетѣ, выпуск 27. М: Унив. тип., 1858.〕 In the days of the Russian Empire, the village was a ''shtetl'' in Orshansky Uyezd of Mogilev Governorate.〔Исполнительный комитет Смоленского областного совета народных депутатов. Государственный архив Смоленской области. "Административно-территориальное устройство Смоленской области. Справочник", изд. "Московский рабочий", Москва 1981. Стр. 250〕 In 1857, it had a population of 2,500. However, according to another source from ca.1880, only 1516 inhabitants (978 Jews) were reported there, as well as 313 houses, 2 orthodox churches and 2 houses of prayer (shuls).〔 In the late 19th–early 20th centuries, the largest market in Mogilev Governorate, with a turn-over of over 1.5 million rubles, was held in Lyubavichi. After the October Revolution, the Hasidic leadership left Lyubavichi, and the Jewish population of the village gradually declined and secularized. During World War II, on November 4, 1941, 483 local Jews were massacred by the Nazis and their collaborators.〔 The village is primarily known worldwide as the namesake and former headquarters of the Chabad-Lubavitch branch of Hasidic Judaism.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lyubavichi, Rudnyansky District, Smolensk Oblast」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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